The industry refers to the sector that is involved in manufacturing and production. Heavy Industry includes the following:
1. Textile Industry
Pakistan has the inherent advantage of being 4th largest producer of cotton in the world with a huge potential to further increase crop yield. For the success of any export-led industry, the local availability of basic raw materials is an added advantage being a key factor in reducing the cost of doing business. The textile value chain consists of multiple industrial sub-sectors. The value chain is quite long starting from cotton picking to finished garments of the latest fashion. The end product of one sub-sector is the raw material for the other. Each sub-sector in the value chain contributes to value addition and employment generation. As the change moves downstream, each link creates a larger number of jobs with relatively lower investments.
Textile is the most important manufacturing sector of Pakistan and has the longest production chain, with inherent potential for value addition at each stage of processing, from cotton to ginning, spinning, fabric, dyeing, finishing, made-ups, and garments. The sector contributes nearly one-fourth of industrial value-added and provides employment to about 40 percent of the industrial labor force.
Ancillary Textile Industry
i. Cotton Spinning Sector
ii. Cloth Sector
iii. Textile Made-Up Sector
a) Hosiery Industry
b) Readymade Garment Industry
c) Towel Industry
d) Canvas
iv. Synthetic textile fabrics
v. Woolen industry
vi. Jute industry
Sugar Industry
The sugar industry plays an important role in the economy of the country. It is the second largest industry after textiles. The output of sugar as well as the production of sugarcane increased at an average rate of 24 percent and 11.7 percent. At the time of independence in 1947, there were only two sugar factories in Pakistan. The output of these factories was not sufficient for meeting the domestic requirements. The country started to import sugar from other countries and huge foreign exchange was spent on this item. So, to meet the requirements of sugar the Government set up a commission in 1957 to frame a scheme for the development of the sugar industry. At present, there are 76 sugar mills operating in Pakistan.
Cement Industry
The main raw material for the cement industry is lime stones, followed by a substantial quantity of gypsum. Fortunately, Pakistan has a large quantity of both and also a large domestic market. At the time of independence, only a few industries fell in Pakistan’s share. The requirements/ Demand for Cement were increasing day by day due to developing projects. In order to meet the requirements, the cement industry has been set up in the public and private sectors. A few years back we were self-sufficient in cement production and also exported it to other countries. Before 1972 all cement industries were under private control but after nationalization, all industries were given under the control of a Corporation named Pakistan State Cement Corporation. The following are the cement factories situated in Pakistan.
- D.G Khan Cement Company
- Luck Cement Company
- Askari Cement Limited
- Maple Leaf Cement
- Attock Cement Limited
- Pioneer Cement
- Kohat Cement Company
- Thatta Cement Company Limited
- Dewan Cement
- Fauji Cement
Cement dispatches reached historic heights in March 2017 touching almost 4 million tons as the factories utilized their full production capacity to meet robust demand in the local market. The ever-increasing domestic market has vindicated the manufacturers thrust on adding new capacities. The cement industry is playing its due role to get the momentum going and in April 2017 the industry dispatched 3.576 million tons of cement against 3.551 million tons dispatched during the corresponding month of last year.
2. Chemical Fertilizer Industry
Because Pakistan has an agriculture-based economy, the chemical fertilizer industry is very vital for its survival. The fertilizer industry is an integral part of Pakistan’s economy. The Pakistan fertilizer industry produces imports and distributes various types of fertilizers. The government has pursued a policy of supporting the industry in the form of feed gas subsidies, GST relaxation, and increasing support prices for commodities. There are ten urea manufacturing plants, one DAP, three NP, three SSP, two CAN, and one plant of blended NPKs having a total production capacity of 8,983 thousand metric tons per annum.
Although the installed production capacity for all products has attained the level of 8,983 thousand tons per annum, the actual production for all products remained at 8,015 and 8,065 (estimated) thousand product tones for 2015-16 and 2016-17 respectively. The entire fertilizer product are manufactured by the private sector. At present, the installed production capacity (6,323 thousand tons) of urea fertilizer is more than the national demand of about 6,000 thousand tons per annum. The annual production of urea for 2016-17 is estimated as 5,900 thousand tonnes, which is less by 6.7 percent of the installed capacity of urea fertilizer. Major chemical and fertilizer industries are as follows:
- Dawood Hercules
- Fauji Fertilizer
- Pak Arab Fertilizer Company
- Fatima fertilizers private limited
- Engro Chemical Fertilizer Company Limited
3. Sports Industry
Pakistan is one of the greatest exporters of sports items. Almost all the goods of sports are exported outside Pakistan because there is a very high demand for Pakistan’s goods of sports in every country of the world. In Pakistan, almost all sports-related items are produced but the famous products are soccer balls, cricket bats, cricket balls, tennis balls, etc. The sports industry of Pakistan even manufactured the soccer ball for the FIFA World cup of the year 1994.
The sports industry of Pakistan lies in the city of Sialkot which is a part of the province of Punjab. All the items of sports of the best quality are manufactured in the city of Sialkot and the sports industry in Sialkot is the main factor of Sialkot’s economy as it earns great profit from it due to the high demand for sports goods in the international market. All other goods related to sports are also produced in the sports industry of Pakistan like sports bags, sports jackets, sports caps, etc. Read more
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